Pubic Issues

Public Issue is a method to raise share capital by selling securities to the public at large. In Private Placement, a company sells securities directly to a few pre-decided numbers of investors or institutions. In Public Issues the shares are issued to the Public at large and funds are raised from them. Primarily used by large-scale companies to raise funds.

Normally, from fund raising timings in layman language the public issues are of two types :

  1. IPO: An initial public offering (IPO) refers to the process of offering shares to the public in first time and to get Listed on the Stock Exchange.
  2. FPO: An Follow on public offering (IPO) refers to the process of offering shares to the public after listing either to the existing Public Shareholders or to the .

According to Section 23 of the Companies Act, 2013,

  1. A public company may issue securities—
    • To public through prospectus (herein referred to as "public offer") by complying with the provisions of this Part; or
    • Through private placement by complying with the provisions of.
    • Through a rights issue or a bonus issue in accordance with the provisions of this Act and in case of a listed company or a company which intends to get its securities listed also with the provisions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (15 of 1992) and the rules and regulations made thereunder.
  2. A private company may issue securities—
    • By way of rights issue or bonus issue in accordance with the provisions of this Act; or
    • Through private placement by complying with the provisions.
  3. Such class of public companies may issue such class of securities for the purposes of listing on permitted stock exchanges in permissible foreign jurisdictions or such other jurisdictions, as may be prescribed.
  4. The Central Government may, by notification, exempt any class or classes of public companies referred to in sub-section (3) from any of the provisions of this, section 89, section 90 or section 127 and a copy of every such notification shall, as soon as may be after it is issued, be laid before both Houses of Parliament.